langfield



(No Model.) I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. LANGPIELD. MEANS FOR HEATING, DRYING, AND VENTILATING.

No. 549,799. I Patented Nov. 12,- 1895. zmvmy '2% =1. F

C2 T 1 AZ My 2 SheetsSheet 2.

J. LANGFIELD. MEANS FOR HEATING, DRYING, AND VENTILATING;

(No Model.)

Patehted Nov. 12, 1895 .U H- n H H u 1 M M HHMMHHHN HHMMHMHWHM- y 1 H.H, 1 HH. 1 1 1 H l- AN OREW E.GRAHAM. PHOTOUTHQWASHINGTON. n C

UNITED STATES.

I PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN LANGFIELD, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

MEANS FOR HEATING, DRYING, AND VENTILATING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 549,799, dated November12, 1895.

Application filed December 27, 1893. Serial No. 494,977. (No mam To allwhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN LANGFIELD, a sub ject of the Queen of GreatBritain and Ireland, residing at Manchester, county of Lancaster,England, have invented Improved Means for Heating, Drying, andVentilating, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improved means for heating, drying, andventilating rooms or other inclosed places where heat or ventilation maybe required, or where goods such as porcelain, terra-cotta, and otherarticles or fabrics are required to be dried, especially when drafts orcurrents of air might be injurious to such goods.

The invention is also applicable especially to hospital wards andsurgical operatingrooms, where warm still air is so necessary.

My invention will be readily understood on reference to the accompanyingdrawings, of which- Figure 1 is a sectional view of a single apartmentfitted according to my invention; and Figs. 2, 3, and 4: are detachedviews of my improved air-heating stove, drawn on a larger scale.

According to my invention I employ a hotair stove, preferably as seen onthe drawings, and consisting of a furnace at and vertical airpipe a,heated by the said furnace and supplied with air from the space abeneath the said furnace. The hot air passes from the pipes a to a fluea, leading directly to an inlet or grid 1) at the bottom of the room orinclosed space A and at one end or side thereof, and instead of havingan exit in or near the roof or ceiling I place an outlet or grid 0 inthe floor at the opposite end or side of the said room or inclosed spaceA, and an exitpassage 0 below the floor, leading to a vertical shaft oruptake 0 opening to the atmosphere outside the building at a height somuch above the roof or top of the room or apartment A that it acts as akind of air-siphon, and the efiect in the room will be as follows: Thepure hot air admitted at one end of the apartment A through the grid 1)from the hot-air stove a or other suitable air-heating apparatusimmediately expands and rises to the ceiling or roof, where it commencesto accumulate, gradually taking the place of and drlving downward thecold air, as shown by the arrows,

andalldeleterious gases which are heavier than the heated atmosphere.The fresh heated airwill thus gradually fill the apartment A, like aninverted reservoir, until it reaches the exit-opening c, by which thecold or impure air Will be escaping into the passage c and uptake 0 TheWarm air will then commence to escape through the said uptake c ,which,being higher than the room or apartment, will act as an inverted siphonand cause the heated" air at the lower part of the room A to be drawnout, with any heavy impure gases, without creating any draft orappreciable current, although a constant circulation of air is kept up,The room or apartment A may now be heated up to any required degreewithout producing any apparent draft even at the outlet opening oropenings 0, although the atmosphere is constantly changed and renewed inproportion to the degree of hot air admitted at b, and a strong draftwill be formed in the uptake or ventilating-shaft 0 without the aid of afan or other mechanical appliance. By this means, also, the heat in theroom A will be equal from the top to the bottom thereof.

Iprefer, as before stated, to make use of the hot-air apparatus shown onthe drawings, which consists of a furnace a, around which are a numberof vertical air-heating pipes or tubes a, leading from an air-space abeneath the furnace to the flue cw, leading to the inlet b to the roomor apartment A. The air becoming heated in the vertical pipes or tubes awill expand and attain a considerable velocity, sufficient to carry itin the desired volume into -the room or apartment A above. The inlet 1)is considerably larger than the total area of admission of all theheating-tubes asay double the said areaand the exit 0 is rather lessthan the inlet b, and thus, although the air is rapidly changed, nocurrent or draft is felt in the room A. The number of the tubes at canbe increased or diminished according to the capacity of the space to beheated, and the height of the said tubes will be greater or lessaccordingly as a quicker or slower change of the air in the room A isrequired.

The smoke and products of combustion will escape from the furnace at ata low level therein through the flue a to any suitable chimney.

The heated air rising from the tubes a is too dry for ordinary livingrooms, but is very suitable for chambers for drying terra-cotia andsimilar goods and carrying away the moisture therefrom without drafts inthe said chamber. In order, therefore, to make the hot air suitable forbreathing, I fix a small cistern o at one side of the furnace (see Figs.2, 3, and i) and carry down a pipe a therefrom into the space a and upthrough one of the tubes a, and the water in this tube will becomeheated and converted into steam, which will issue in a jet from theupper end of the said pipe a and, mingling with the heated air in theflue (P will moisten the same before it enters the room A through theinlet 1).

I would remark, in conclusion that the vertical tubes a may be heated byother means than those shown on the drawings, if preferred.

I claim as my invention- The combination with a series of vertical airheating tubes, for creating a current of heated air, with a verticalflue leading directly from and in alignment with the air heating tubesto an inlet at the bottom of the chamber or other inclosed space to beheated, the said room being further provided at the opposite side andbottom thereof with an outlet, and a vertical shaft carried above thetop thereof, whereby the air can escape therefrom without causing anyperceptible draft, substantially as hereinbefore described.

In testimony whereof I have sign ed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

J OIIN LANGFIELD.

\Vitnesses:

CHARLES A. DAVIES, JNo. HUGHES.

